The Archetype of the Tragic Hero in Greek Tragedy and Shakespearean Tragedy

Author(s): Vinay Kumar

Abstract:

This paper explores the evolution of the tragic hero archetype, tracing its lineage from the classical foundations of Greek tragedy to its complex reimagining in Shakespearean tragedy. Beginning with Aristotle's poetics, we examine the quintessential Greek tragic hero a figure of noble stature whose downfall is precipitated by a fatal flaw, or hamartia, often manifesting as hubris. Through an analysis of seminal figures like Sophocles' Oedipus, this study illuminates the classical emphasis on fate, divine will, and the cosmic order. The paper then transitions to the Renaissance stage, investigating how William Shakespeare adopted and adapted this classical model. By analyzing protagonists such as Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear, we argue that Shakespeare internalizes the tragic conflict. While retaining elements like noble birth and a fatal flaw, the Shakespearean hero's tragedy is driven more by internal psychological turmoil, moral ambiguity, and individual choice rather than external, cosmic destiny. This comparative analysis reveals both the enduring power of the tragic hero archetype and its significant transformation, reflecting the shifting cultural and philosophical landscapes from ancient Athens to Elizabethan England. Ultimately, the paper concludes that Shakespeare, while indebted to the Greek blueprint, crafted a more humanized and psychologically nuanced hero whose tragedy resonates with the complexities of the modern consciousness.

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Pages: 46-48     |    2 View     |    0 Download