Supplement Effect of Tribulus Terrestris Seeds Extract in Feed of Nile Tilapia Fries Oreochromis niloticus, on Growth Performance and Feed Efficiencies

Author(s): Mubarak EA Tibin, Idriss AI Mohamed and OA Idam

Abstract:

The current work was conducted to study the effect of Supplemented Seeds Extract of Tribulus terrestris in Feed on Growth Performance and Feed Efficiencies of Nile Tilapia Fries Oreochromis niloticus. The freeze-dried dietary extract of Tribulus terrestris seeds was incorporated into feeds for O. niloticus fry. Four experimental diets were prepared using a commercial feed containing 0.00 g/kg, 2.00 g/kg, 2.50 g/kg, and 3.00 g/kg of the extract. These diets were designated control feed, feed1, feed2, and feed3, respectively, and were tested in triplicate. Fries, averaging 0.012 ± 0.002 g, were randomly distributed into aquaria at a density of 180 fries per aquarium. The experimental feeds were provided to the fries immediately after they had completely absorbed their yolk sacs. The fries were fed four times a day (at 7:00 am, 11:00 am, 4:00 pm, and 7:00 pm) for 70 days. The experiment was conducted indoors to prevent the algal growth in the aquaria, and the water conditions were regularly monitored. Growth performance and feed efficiency parameters were calculated. The effects of the dietary treatments on different parameters were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences were found, and Duncan’s multiple comparison test was used to determine mean differences. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 16.0, and data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The weight gain (WG) of the fish group fed feed3 (3.00 g/kg) was significantly the highest at 0.086 ± 0.024 g, and the highest absolute growth rate (AGR) was also registered for the same group. Conversely, the least growth performance (both WG and AGR) was observed in the fish group fed with feed2 (2.00 g/kg), although they exhibited the best feed conversion ratio (FCR). These findings indicate that incorporating the dietary extract of T. terrestris seeds into the feed improved the growth and feed efficiency of O. niloticus fry, with the improvements correlating with increased extract dosage. The extracted product is cost-effective and can potentially substitute other expensive fish additives used in fish feed formulation.

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