Study of Trace Elements Accumulation in Freshwater Fishes Fish Species of Carpathian Basin, Central Europe

Author(s): Ritesh Shalikram Pawar

Abstract:

The present study investigates the accumulation of trace elements in selected freshwater fish species inhabiting the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe. This region, encompassing the Danube River and its tributaries, represents one of the most diverse freshwater ecosystems in Europe, yet it faces increasing anthropogenic pressures from industrial, agricultural, and urban activities. Fish samples representing different trophic levels and ecological niches-such as benthic, pelagic, omnivorous, and predatory species-were analyzed to determine the concentrations of essential and potentially toxic trace elements, including Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cd, As, Cr, and Hg, in muscle, gill, and liver tissues. The results revealed significant interspecific and tissue-specific variations in metal accumulation patterns, with liver and gills exhibiting higher concentrations compared to muscle tissues. Essential elements such as Fe, Cu, and Zn were predominant, while toxic elements like Pb, Cd, and Hg occasionally exceeded permissible limits in certain species and sampling sites. The findings highlight that bioaccumulation intensity is influenced by species feeding habits, habitat preferences, and environmental contamination levels. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of trace elements in aquatic ecosystems of the Carpathian Basin, both for ecological health assessment and for ensuring the safety of fish as a dietary resource.
(The study is planned in association with Dr. Laszlo Antal of the University of Debrecen, Hungary)

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