Analyzing the Effectiveness of Critical Path Methods in Project Performance: A Case Study of Building Projects in Lusaka’s Metro Area

Author(s): Joseph Kafunda and Dr. Kelvin Chibomba

Abstract:

This study analyses the effectiveness of critical path methods on project performance taking a case study of building construction projects in the metro area of Lusaka. The study was guided by the following specific objectives namely; To assess the effectiveness of Critical Path Methods on Project Performance; To identify the relationship between Critical Path Methods and Project Performance and; To evaluate the limitations of Critical Path Methods on Construction Project Timelines. This was an exploratory case study research incorporating a mixed-methods approach structured with key research questions through a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The sample size for the study was 50 Building professionals in the construction industry on active sites within the metro-area of Lusaka. These comprised of Architects, Project Managers, Engineers, Quantity Surveyors, Building Regulatory Officers and Contractors. Purposive Sampling was used in selecting the sample with primary data being collected through interview guides and questionnaires. The study in Lusaka’s construction sector revealed that 86% of professionals aged 31-50 were familiar with Critical Path Methods (CPM), with universal awareness and 64% using it from the planning phase. Furthermore, CPM was found to improve scheduling accuracy (62%), communication (68%), and resource coordination, with Microsoft Project and Excel as preferred tools. It also enhanced cost control (86%), risk identification (68%), and overall project performance reducing delivery times (56%) and improving budget and quality outcomes. However, effectiveness depended on data quality (48%) and timely updates (62%). Training gaps (76%) and external disruptions (84%) were found to limit CPM’s full potential, emphasizing the need for better tools and flexible planning strategies. In light of these findings, the research recommended; increased sensitization of CPM in building projects which will increase the number of projects benefitting from CPM; building capability through training and standardization leading to continuous improvement; strengthening roles, responsibilities and governance to foster an organization culture of all-round responsibility; development of robust Work Breakdown Structures to clearly outline the several activities expected on the projects. The study further recommended a future study on; comparative studies with alternative scheduling methods such as PERT, critical chain project management and others under varying project contexts and identifying conditions under which hybrid or tailored scheduling approaches may outperform pure CPM.

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Pages: 129-140     |    2 View     |    0 Download