Manava-Dharmasastra and Human Nature

Author(s): Dr. Ajeet Kumar

Abstract:

This paper examines the notion of human nature in the Manava-Dharmasastra (Manusmriti) and its role in shaping social norms and laws. It argues that while the text does not explicitly theorize human nature, it clearly assumes certain shared traits such as desire, intellect, emotions, and moral tendencies. These traits are both accepted and regulated through dharmic prescriptions. At the same time, the text constructs a hierarchical social order based on varna, suggesting differentiated natures across social groups. By analysing these contradictions, the paper shows that Manusmriti reflects both observation of human behaviour and an attempt by Brahmin elites to shape society according to their ideals. It concludes that the concept of human nature in the text is closely tied to social control, moral regulation, and the assertion of Brahmanical values.

keywords:
Manusmriti, Human nature, Dharma and law, Varna system, Brahmanical ideology.

Pages: 62-64     |    50 View     |    4 Download