Nutrigenomics and Human Health

Author(s): Mansi Sharma and Bushra Shaida

Abstract:

Nutritional Genomics encompasses the integration of various omics disciplines with the study of food and nutrition. Within this field, nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are subfields that focus on understanding the interplay between genetics, nutrition, and health. In the past, research on nutrition primarily focused on the negative impact on health and deficiencies in diet. However, with the advancements in genomics, our understanding of how nutrients influence gene and protein expression, and consequently impact cellular and overall metabolic processes, has become significantly easier. Genomics refers to a set of advanced technologies that enable the generation, analysis, and application of scientific information related to the composition and functions of genomes. This field of study, known as nutritional genomics or nutrigenomics, can be seen as the intersection of molecular nutrition and genomics. The effects of bioactive dietary components extend beyond the basic nutritional value they provide. They have specific impacts on various tissues and organs, influencing gene expression patterns (transcriptome), chromatin organization (epigenome), protein expression patterns (proteome), including modifications that occur after protein synthesis, and the profiles of metabolites (metabolome). These are just a few examples of how dietary components interact with our genetic makeup to produce specific effects at a cellular and organismal level. This review enables us to generate useful information for scientists and health professionals regarding the role of Nutrigenomics in the prevention of diet and lifestyle-related diseases.

keywords:

Pages: 33-39     |    3 View     |    0 Download